Improvement in boiler-furnaces



2-Sheets-Sheet I.

I. c. RAMSDEN. Boiler-Furnaces. N() 158,31(), w Patented Dec. 29,1874;

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UNITED S'rarns PATENT Prion JOHN CARTER RAMSDEN, OF LIGHTGLIFFE, PARISH OF HALIFAX, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN BOlLER-FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 158,310, dated December 29, 1874; application filed September 4, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN CARTER RAMs- DEN, of Lightcliffe, in. the parish of Halifax, in the county of York, England silk-manufacturer, have invented an Improved Boiler- Furnace for securing the combustion of fuel, and for the utilizing of the gases arising therefrom; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, that will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The object of this invention is to secure the more complete combustion of fuel, to utilize or decompose the gases arising therefrom, and to dispense with or greatly curtail the use of chimney-fines, smoke-flucs, and shafts.

This I eifect. as follows: Connected to the back or end of the boiler fine or lines is a pipe or pipes communicating with an exhaust-fan. The discharge-pipe from the fan terminates within an air-tight receiver, from which receiver extends a second pipe connected with the front of the boiler-flue, and so complete circulation of the gases is secured. Near to and communicating with the fan is an airpipe and dampers, for purpose hereinafter described.

The operation is as follows: On fuel being supplied to the furnace by hopper or other means, and motion imparted to the-fan, the atmospheric air contained in the flue or flues of the boiler will be exhausted and discharged to the receiver, and fromthence, by way of the second pipe herein referred to, and leading to the front of the furnace, caused to circulate, carrying the heated gases therewith, so long as available, when the dampers of the air-pipe above mentioned will be opened for a further supply of atmospheric air. Ilonnected to the lower portion of the receiver is a third pipe and valve for conveying the gases therefrom to a second receiver containing sewage matter. The furnace-gases mingle with the sewage-gases, producing acombustible gas, which may be stored within a gasometer, to be employed for heating and illuminating purposes; or the furnace-gas, on reaching this or a similar receiver, may be decomposed.

Such being the nature and object of this my said invention, I will now proceed to describe the same in detail; and in order that the same may be clearly understood I have hereunto annexed two sheets of drawings, and have marked the same with figures and letters of reference, the same letter referring to the same part in the various views or figures, in which 'Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a boiler with my improved apparatus applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view, and Fig. 4 is a detail view, of the mechanism for actuating the various valves or dampers employed.

My said invention, as above referred to, relates to a new or improved means or method of, and apparatus for, securing the combustion of fuel, and for the utilization of the gases arising therefrom.

The fuel used by me in this my said invention consists of water in a state of steam or vapor and that class of oils or volatile h ydrocarbons of which paraffine and petroleumare a type when in the liquid state. Of these substances I use two or more conjointly, and I sup ply them to the furnace by the hopper A or other suitable means.

When using the hopper I divide it into a number of chambers or compartments. Chamber No. 1 is for solid fuel in a state of minute division, and I have shownin the said drawings a blast-pipe, B, for blowing the same from the plate G into the furnace when it is thought advisable or desirable to use such fuel; but I wish it to be distinctly understood that the solid fuel shown in chamber or compartment No. 1 of the solid hopper is not a positive necessity for producing the requisite amount of heat, and it can be used or not, as found desirable. The great heat obtained by this method or process will emanate from the union and combustion of the two liquid fuels, namely, water in a state of steam or vapor, and some or one of the volatile hydrocarbons.

Chamber N o. 2 is for the oil or liquid hydrocarbon, and chamber No.3 is for the water in a state of steam or vapor.

It will be observed that in the lower part of chamber No. 1 there are a pair of rollers, ap-

plied as usual to coal-hop 'iers, which are caused to revolve by suitable mechanism. These rollers are for the purpose, when used, of delivering the fuel contained in that compartment in the state required, and which falls onto the plate C there placed to receive it, and is propelled forward into the furnace by the blast from the air and liquid-fuel pipes B and E.

At the lower part of the chambers or compartments Nos. 2 and 3 are a series of pipes, D and E, already referred to. These pipes are for the purpose of allowing the fuel contained therein to descend as required, and they have valves or taps affixed to regulate the flow.

The ends of these said pipes, which convey the liquid fuel ready to be ignited, are turned toward the mouth of the furnace, and the orifices, of which there are a number, are made very minute, so that the liquids are delivered and intermixed in the form of a spray, which the more readily insures their perfect combustion, and the force with which the steam or vapor is ejected from the said pipes E will be found sufiicient to carry with it into the furnace the *liquid hydrocarbon from the pipes D, and it can also be assisted by the blast from the air-pipes Connected to the back or end of the boiler flue or fines is a pipe, F, communicating with an exhaust-fan, G. The discharge-pipe from the fan terminates with an air-tight receiver, H, from which receiver extends the pipe B, connected with the front of the boiler fine or furnace, as shown. Near to and communicating with the fan is an air-pipe, J.

The admission of air and furnace-gases into the air-tight receiver H is regulated by dampers or doors K and K, which can be operated by hand, or, what is preferable, by the selfactin-g mechanism shown at Fig. 4E, consisting of a segment arm, L, operated by means of the cam-groove cut in the boss placed on the shaft L and which said shaft receives motion from the gear-wheels L which may, by means of interchange-wheels, be regulated to operate the dampers at such times as required.

K is a valve or damper for discharge of a portion of furnace-gases during the time the fan G is supplying the chamber H with atmospheric air and furnace-gases.

On motion being imparted to the fan the atmospheric air contained in the flue or lines of the boiler will be exhausted and discharged into the receiver H, and this can be continued for a sufficient length of time until there is a considerable pressure within the said receiver.

To accomplish this the fan will, or may, draw air down the air-pipe J, as well. as from the flues, when sufficient pressure has been obtained within the air-tight receiver H to cause a blast; then the tap or valve in the pipe B, which conveys the said air and gases to the front of the furnace, is opened, and, as well, the taps or valves in the pipes D and E, which allow the liquid fuel to descend, are opened, and a light applied, the result of which will be that an intense heat is generated by reason of the joint combustion of the water and the liquid hydrocarbons, along with the oxygen and other gases supplied from the airtight chamber H.

Atmospheric air is not allowed to-pass into the furnace ad lt'bt'tmn. What is requisite for combustion is supplied from the air-tight chamber H. To the lower portion of this said chamber is a third pipefM, and valve, by means of which a portion of the gases can be conveyed, when found advisable or convenient to do so, to a second receiver containing sewage-gasesfi, and they either be stored within a gasometer" or conveyed direct to a furnace, to be used in manner as before described.

When first proceeding to putthis invention in practice the steam required for combustion will be supplied from a small closed vessel, (heated by means of portable bellows,) and having pipes thereto for discharge of steam to the flues, or from other available source.

1 claim-- A 1. The chambers No. 1 and 3 of the hopper A and the pipe E, in combination with the blast-pipe B, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The hopper A and pipes D E, in combination with the blast-pipe B, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The hopper A, subdivided into a series of chambers, and the pipes D and E, in combination with the blast-pipe B and guide-plate O, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination of the hopper A, pipes D E, guide-plate G, and blast-pipe B with the receiver H, pipes F J, and an exhaustfan, sub stantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. The combination of the segment-arm L, shaft L and a cam-boss with the dampers K and K and the receiver H, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this fourth day of June, 1874.

J. O. RAMSDEN.

Witnesses:

WALTER BRIERLEY, ROBERT NEWTON. 

